The purpose of this chapter is to highlight some of the tools and navigational technologies available to blind individuals to support independent travel. Our focus here is on blind navigation in large-scale, unfamiliar environments but the technology discussed can also be used in well known spaces and may be useful to those with low-vision. In the first section, we look at some perceptual and cognitive aspects of navigating with and without vision which help explain why most people cannot imagine getting around in its absence. The next section presents four often ignored factors, from engineering blunders to aesthetic bloopers, which should be considered when developing and assessing the functional utility of navigational technologies. In the third section, we summarize the most common of these technologies, ranging from sonar glasses to talking lights, giving the strengths and limitations of each. The final section concludes by reviewing key features of these products and highlighting the best trajectory for continued development of future technology.